John Mueller addressed a similar question in a recent Google Webmaster Central office-hours hangout, and he was pretty definitive. The question was about text that's hidden behind tabs. He states that they see the hidden content but won't give it as much weight.

Here's the link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZAY-BwL6rU.  The question starts at 6:45.

Google does read JavaScript and CSS, and that's why they send warnings to webmasters if such files are blocked from googlebot.

Google will probably index it, but it won't be given the same weight as content that's immediately visible.

To my knowledge, the behavior of the googlebot is not influenced by whether or not the product is out of stock. Is the page still accessible when the product is out of stock, or does it not display at all?

If the product page remains with an "out of stock" message, that's what users from search will see. If the product page becomes inaccessible when it goes out of stock temporarily, users from search will likely see a 404 page.

You may want to canonicalize to a higher level category page rather than one of the product variation pages.  That way, it won't be an issue if one product variation goes out of stock.

May I ask which ecommerce software you are using?

In that case, you'd need to add the robots meta tag at the page level before the tag.

or

So, the problem is that the robots.txt file can't be accessed because of the 301 redirect to the new domain?

Do you plan to keep the help files on the old domain, or will they be removed completely?

Do you want to disallow the URLs that these pages are being redirected to? If not, there's no need to add anything to the robots.txt file.

If you do want to disallow the URLs that these pages are being redirected to, use relative URLs in your robots.txt file. For example, let's say olddomain.com/old-help-page/ is being redirected to newdomain.com/new-help-page/. If that's the case, add the following to your robots.txt file.

Disallow: /new-help-page/

There's no need to disallow the specific URLs that are being redirected to something else.  Are you trying to get them removed from Google's index or something?  If so, Google will update their index eventually based on your 301 redirects.

Here's what I would look for:

• Comment spam - Do you have any visible comment spam on your website that includes these types of keywords? If so, remove it all.
• Malware - Some types of malware will create new pages on your site that you can't access through a simple crawl from your home page. Search "site:example.com" in Google, replacing "example.com" with your domain name. Go through all of the results to see if Google has any pages indexed for your site that you don't recognize.

Even if Google doesn't flag your site for malware, it may still be there. Look at the files on the server to see if there are new files that shouldn't be there. Scan your site at https://sitecheck.sucuri.net/ to see if anything comes up there.

If your site is infected with malware, Google will eventually find it and flag your site. Yes, it will certainly harm your SEO efforts.

I agree with Joey. Most prepositions are stop words, so they may carry less weight in the search algorithm. That's not to say they aren't important. I just searched "sporting goods stores in Atlanta" and "sporting goods stores Atlanta" and got very slightly different results for each.

The on page optimization suggestions are just suggestions to point you in the right direction based on keywords you entered into the tool. You should never sacrifice usability for your readers in order to satisfy an SEO tool. The tool is just a starting point.

This duplicate content does need to be addressed, but it's not as complicated as you might think.

Use pagination to solve the "page=1" issues, or use a canonical with a "View all" option. See the following for reference:

http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com/2011/09/pagination-with-relnext-and-relprev.html

http://moz.com/blog/rel-confused-answers-to-your-rel-canonical-questions

Set up the canonical links for the others, and that's all you'll need. You may want to noindex all of the tag pages for the blog unless you have unique content on those.