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Yes, Google does not appear to be crawling or indexing any of the pages in question, and GWT doesn't note any issues with crawl budget.

This is what my other research has suggested, as well.  Google is "discovering" millions of URLs that go into a queue to get crawled, and they're reporting the extremely high number of URLs in Webmaster Tools before they actually attempt to crawl, and see that all these URLs are blocked by robots.txt.

Federico, my concern is how do I get Google to spend spending so much crawl time on those pages.  I don't want Google to waste time crawling pages that are blocked in my robots.txt.

I have a section of my site that is exclusively for tracking redirects for paid ads.  All URLs under this path do a 302 redirect through our ad tracking system:

http://www.mysite.com/trackingredirect/blue-widgets?ad_id=1234567 --302--> http://www.mysite.com/blue-widgets

This path of the site is blocked by our robots.txt, and none of the pages show up for a site: search.

User-agent: *

Disallow: /trackingredirect

However, I keep receiving messages in Google Webmaster Tools about an "extremely high number of URLs", and the URLs listed are in my redirect directory, which is ostensibly not indexed.

If not by robots.txt, how can I keep Googlebot from wasting crawl time on these millions of /trackingredirect/ links?

What about this:

http://www.amazon.com/The-Art-SEO-Eric-Enge/dp/1449304214/ref=dp_ob_title_bk

I am a SEO/product manager for a big online publisher.  I work with several front end developers who have great technical and design skills, but zero SEO or social media knowledge.  I end up answering a lot of SEO 101 questions and/or making them redo things with SEO and social media in mind.

What are some good resources for them?  I was already going to send them these SEOmoz links.

• http://www.seomoz.org/beginners-guide-to-seo/basics-of-search-engine-friendly-design-and-development
• http://www.seomoz.org/beginners-guide-to-seo/how-usability-experience-and-content-affect-search-engine-rankings

Can anyone recommend other, more thorough, more technical reading and reference materials (print or online)?

Yes.  One additional thing you can try to do to help Google get the correct page is to make sure all your internal links from both domains point to the target domain that you want to have in the index.  For example, if your sites are mydomain1.com and mydomain2.com, and you want to canonicalize everything to mydomain1.com, then any links on mydomain2.com that point to the homepage should point to http://www.mydomain1.com/index.html not to http://www.mydomain1.com/index.html

What about this:

http://www.amazon.com/The-Art-SEO-Eric-Enge/dp/1449304214/ref=dp_ob_title_bk

Yes.  One additional thing you can try to do to help Google get the correct page is to make sure all your internal links from both domains point to the target domain that you want to have in the index.  For example, if your sites are mydomain1.com and mydomain2.com, and you want to canonicalize everything to mydomain1.com, then any links on mydomain2.com that point to the homepage should point to http://www.mydomain1.com/index.html not to http://www.mydomain1.com/index.html