Hey Jansen,
A few tips from me, hope it helps:
1. You don't need to pause CloudFlare completely, you can go into DNS and change the orange "cloud" to a grey one which will disable CF only on that record
2. Initially I thought about creating a new record for Moz which I could use for indexing (i.e. moz.yourdomain.com) but that will lose all search ranking records so not a good idea
3. Moz definitely works with CF + SSL, I have Moz it working on theright.fit domain, I reckon with a bit more help and testing we can get to the bottom of it, if you got time let's put together a complete list of settings and see where mine differs from yours
4. The domain has Mirrage ON, RocketLoader OFF and Minify ON (all options)