Since many studies now see the H1 as having far much less impact (but certainly a bit) I would recommend the following based on anecdotal search index data, "light scientific" studies around H1 impact, the impact of a title for sharing and semantic clustering:
1. Write the page title/H1 with sharing in mind first and search a close second. (given the decreased emphasis on H1s) and the increased weight of sharing.
1B. At this level of detail I would go for the fun "clicky" title for CTR increases.
2. Consider that google (in this day) sees a very clear relationship between 'stand up desk' and "standing desk'. It's just as likely that these variations support each other as much or better than repeating the same term. In your copy, I'd say that even the word "sitting" in (it's very opposition) is related to and supports your "standing" targets.
3. Your URL answers one query while your title/H1 responds to a slightly different query increasing your halo of search reach. At this point I like the semantic cluster rising between your URL and title. And you've got juicy related terms like "working" in the title. This carries through in your content.
4. "Good content" and natural content will have variations on target terms, related terms etc.. thus we can infer perceived content quality to go up (since you're not overly focused on term repetition)
I'm not exactly sure what you mean by "varying taxonomy" but variance is much more human and natural than uniformity of every component down the page. But the link below seems relevant although there's tons of great SI articles out there that should also help with your question.
http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1224698
" text within each node indicates a higher relevance of the materials to the taxonomic classification."
Hope that's of some help.
