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here's a great walk through. I just did it on our site and it worked well.

http://www.virante.com/blog/2012/01/08/how-to-show-your-author-photo-in-google-search-results/

just make sure to use Google's rich snippet tool to check your work before submitting it to Google's Microdata Submission 

Also, here's google's official walk through http://support.google.com/webmasters/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=1408986

also, the time it takes to get indexed depends... but usually 2-3 days. I tell clients up to a week so they sit tight.

you can go into the _**"Health" menu -> "fetch as googlebot" **_and then have it fetch your home page. It will run a quick diagnostic and then it will refresh the page and you can click "Index". Select to **index the page and all links. **

this will essentially give google a kick in the but to index that specific page and the links on the home page.

You should do this in addition to your sitemap.