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Search engines will still be able to crawl the PDF. They crawl images, don't they?

If you're serving multiple target audiences, then this is entirely white hat. If you're doing it for usability (segmenting products based on category), it's white hat. If you're doing it to own the top 8 listings instead of the top 4 for the same search terms, that feels grey hat.

There is no specific, hard set, predefined "time" between crawls that applies to all sites.

It varies, from site to site.

It varies from page to page.

It is based on Popularity.

If your page/site is not popular - then it will take longer till it is crawled again.

From: https://productforums.google.com/forum/?hl=en#!category-topic/webmasters/crawling-indexing--ranking/shtHnKdf_lU

If you've changed your canonical tag, but Google hasn't updated its index, there's nothing more you can do till you see what effect it has. Wait a few days and post again with your results. If something's out of order, at least we have another data set to compare it to.

The simple answer:

1. Keep your .br site for AdWords campaigns. Keep your AdWords landing pages live, but canonicalize them to the en-BR subdomain.
2. For the non-AdWords landing pages, do a 301 redirect from your .br site to the en-BR subdomain.

This allows you to move all your organic traffic to the en-BR subdomain while not losing your AdWords domain strength. Have your cake and eat it too!

Over time, take your highest performing ads:

1. Make 5 copies of your ad exactly as they are
2. Make 1 copy of your ad pointing at your new domain

This will send 15% of your keyword traffic to your new domain. Once Google sees that your new domain performs just as admirably as your old domain (a few weeks, at most), you'll start seeing the Quality Score for the new keyword rise. When you hit 10/10, dump the old domain. Your AdWords account is fully transitioned.

**There's a lengthy discussion on it here: **https://developers.google.com/webmasters/mobile-sites/mobile-seo/configurations/separate-urls?hl=en

Notably this section:

For Googlebot, we do not have any preference and recommend that webmasters consider their users when deciding on their redirection policy. The most important thing is to serve correct and consistent redirects, i.e. redirect to the equivalent content on the desktop or mobile site. If your configuration is wrong, some users may not be able to see your content at all.

In my opinion, trying to figure out what Google does on the backend is a losing proposition. Maybe they index both; maybe they index one. Heck, there's no way to know if they even index full text now for every site. There's certainly a lot of optimization going on in the back-end that is above and beyond our purview as SEO practitioners.

Google says they don't care what kind of redirect you use for mobile. Likely, that means your mobile sites are being semantically linked to your desktop version of the pages -- they specifically recommend against pointing two separate page redirects to the same mobile page. They recommend that you add a link that lets mobile users click over to desktop for usability. That's good enough for me.

Yes. 301 simply means "Hey Search Engine, this page has moved to here." It'll pick up the change.

My theory is that there are now two ways of using the Web. Modern, experienced Web users don't really rely on the "fold" to read a site. Their first action is to skim. There's still a class of Web users who treat the Web like a television. They click onto a site and "view" it. How does your audience use your website?

Q1: Both of those pieces of code mean the same thing. You can use the "attributes" (href, rel) interchangeably.

Q2: It stops page scrapers.

Putting aside the ethical issues of having two clients in direct competition, Google cares far less about the template you use and more about the content and service that you provide. Both will be indexed. Don't duplicate anything that isn't technical in nature. There are hundreds of blogs that share the same templates, hosting platforms, etc. If one gets deindexed, talk to Google directly.

Rewrites are generally regarded as the best way to handle this kind of redirect, but your DNS provider likely has their own redirect system in place that can implement the same functionality without modifying your site's .htaccess. Same result, different technique.

The reason I use my DNS with a "www" subdomain record to forward to my non-www domain is because WordPress sometimes has issues with using RewriteRule. It seems to break permalinks. I always just set it once with my DNS host and never think about it again.

Sam -- if you get a link to or brand mention of your site on any or all of these powerhouse publishers, it will do far more for your SEO (not to mention your traffic) than any duplicate content penalty that could possibly ever be imposed. Think holistically about your content engine rather than focusing on specific penalties and you'll see why you can't go wrong getting mentioned on Forbes.

I ran your existing site through the Moz platform here and discovered a domain authority of 24 for your existing domain. While this isn't awful, it's not so great that you'd want to hold on to it with an ironclad grip. Remember -- throwing good money after bad is a sure sign of a big loser.

Ultimately, no one here knows what Google will do in the next couple of years with regard to the new TLDs. Some will argue that they will be treated like .info domains and penalized in search results, as they aren't considered "premium Web real estate." I personally agree with the camp that thinks that as Google attempts to deliver more relevant traffic, having your location (or your primary topic) in your TLD can only be a good thing.

But there's no reason you can't have both. You can use your existing .com to promote your corporate identity, as it does now, and utilize your new .NYC domain name to deliver content that is targeted and relevant to NYC locals, for example, neighborhood-based content. This was the same recommendation we made to our client at Keller Williams NYC. I'm posting the same advice here because I'd like to see it become the new "best practice," because to me, it certainly makes the most sense.