The .eu domain termination is a generic, hence it is not bound to geo-targeting on Google Webmaster Tool. In that sense, it is an alternative to the .com domain termination, if the .com is not available.

It was created by the European Union has a way to "communicate" that the business owning the domain has an European nature and that it is based on a nation of E(uropean) U(nion) and that is primary market is the EU.

From an SEO point of view, it doesn't offer any really advantage with respect any other generic domain name:

1. you can't geo-target more countries with a single domain name

2. you can't geo-target political regions (or continents).

Hence, it is good to have it for defending your brand, and to use it if .com (or .net) have been already taken. But if you have a .com, then it is better to redirect the .eu to it.

Hi Ron10,

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Hi Wagada,

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If not, please ask for more specific answers

I don't agree that much Adam about the useless nature of the About Us page. It's in that page that a company usually share its Why.

Said that... treat all these pages as "unisex". With that I mean: create just one page with an unique URLs and use it both for the woman version of the site and the male one.

If that is not possible, use the rel="canonical" choosing one URL as the canonical one.

I would consider your intuition from a different angle: if expats (and wealthy) are ordering stuff from my site... may it mean that they were already aware of my brand before going living out the UK?

That could be a reason...

If we want to not simply fall into a massive operation of link building in foreign countries or doing (an expensive) international SEO campaign, I would check out how many conversions are originated from abroad organic visits.

Then, I would create a specific landing page focused on expats - independently of the location - that may talk about things that matter to them (i.e.: delivery of the products, goods'transportation insurances...) and then started doing outreach site that probably are visited by expats (i.e.: just check this SERP related to UAE). You will be starting visible to them despite of (or complementing) Google and possibly earn referrals links and traffic.

Your SEO maybe is not aware that now Google Images doesn't really drive that traffic it was used before for the simple fact that you can see the image (and "steal it") directly from Google.

Said that, creating a single page for every single photo can be tricky if not done properly.

If you don't provide a text description of the photo, apart the title and the alt text, all those pages are going to be extremely similar one each other, so much that you could fall into a substantial duplicated issue.

Finally, think to the users: clicking back and forward from one image page to the other is good? Personally I have my doubts.

Links in PDF do pass link equity. Be sure though that the PDF are correctly saved as text not image.

I warmly suggest you to read this great guide about SEO for PDF by Lunametrics.

Actually, Google position is this:

Server location (through the IP address of the server) is frequently near your users. However, some websites use distributed content delivery networks (CDNs) or are hosted in a country with better webserver infrastructure, so we try not to rely on the server location alone.

(cited from here).

So, where the hosting is not relevant, or so relevant as it could be once.

Said that, the IP has a weight, hence you can always associate a IP of your targeted country to your site, even if you are hosting it in your own server (in another country than the targeted one).

Finally, as said by the others, Google looks up at the users IP in order to present what it could be the most useful for him (geo-targeting personalization).