Thanks for detailed response, Zoe. I actually have the exact structure you're describing, but I still can't seem to get the main pages of the practice areas to show up in SERPs. Individual pages in the separate practice areas absolutely come up (for example: a search for "spousal support" will bring up the "spousal support" page in the "divorce" practice area), but a search for "divorce attorney" never brings up the "divorce attorney" page or the main page for the "divorce" practice area. It always directs users to the homepage.
This observation (not only on my page, but others) has caused me to wonder if Google is actually indexing pages according to profession or business type-- rather than sub-type-- for certain search terms, and then directing users to the homepage. For example, assume a strange restaurant specialized in three different types of fare (Indian, Japanese, and Mexican), and that their webpage had several pages for each cuisine (organized under each cuisine type). I'm wondering if a search on Google for "Indian restaurant" would cause the restaurant's page to come up in the SERPs, and if a click on the link would necessarily always result in the user landing on the main page of the restaurant's website rather than the page for that specific type of cuisine. This is not to say that a user couldn't find a more obscure page on the website by typing in a more specialized search, but if the user types in a rather generic search for a business type (e.g. "restaurant"), I'm wondering if Google has decided to index those search terms a certain way for a more simpler user experience.
My goal was to get the practice areas to come separately in the SERPs, rather than to force all users to the homepage. I can't seem to do that.