Ok, when you said the URLs are indexed, this simply means they are appearing in SERPs, you can type in your exact URL in the Google search bar to see if the page is appearing or not... appearing against a keyword is a completely different topic it has nothing to do with indexing alone.

It’s good to have more pages but if more pages are not producing any value and your overall website is getting low value then you should prefer to go with less pages and more value.

Removal or Change of URL can have an impact on rankings... for instance one of your URL is ranking on first page for some “XYZ” keyword if you are going to change or remove the URL  it will obviously going to lost its rankings...

It is always recommended to add 301 from old domain to new domain when changing or removing the URL.

Hope this helps...

Ok here is how I will respond to this question.

There are tons of signal that Google uses in order to rank a website against a query. CTR can be one of them but I see two problems here:

1. Bounce rate. The bounce rate of the traffic will be high and this might give Google a hint that the website is getting a fake or unrealistic traffic.
2. Amount of traffic from one source. The website that you are going to use will send the direct traffic or referral traffic from multiple (yet) limited sources and I am sure none of them will be reputable in the eye of Google which again make the case suspicious.

We might see an increase in rankings in the beginning but it might fall down again in weeks of time so I guess for long term, this idea is a waste, plus this can hurt you as well.

Now, I will move to the EGOL’s idea of how you should be working instead. I think the better idea is to work on legit ideas that give a real boost to your website rankings will help in the longer run and make you a brand which otherwise is not possible.

Hope this helps!

Although any of the idea will work but I would highly suggest you to go with ccTLD as this will help you gain the trust of the local audience.

In case you have to choose sub domains and sub directories, in that case I would go with subdirectories but keep in mind that content for different countries should not be identical or else there will be an issue of duplicate content.

Hope this helps!

Depends, If you have secure login system on your website then you cannot put 301 on https because in that case user might not be able to access the login area.

Adding canonical is fine and you can also restrict from crawling by adding it in to Robots.txt file.

Ok, I believe there are two ways of doing this.

1. If you want to keep the URLs separate then use rel=canonical on the pages so that Google can find where the original content is located but in that case you might not see all the URLs in the SERP results.
2. Why don’t you include a drop down menu on the product page that asks for a product colors. This way when someone will buy the product, they have to choose the color. In this case you have to have only one URL that asks the person to choose the color of the product before proceed to the next level.

Hope this helps!