Will still require a manual check before hand but 'Right Click > Properties' will give you a link relationship.

For FF you'll need - https://addons.mozilla.org/af/firefox/addon/element-properties/

Alternatively you can get a nofollow highlight plugin

FF - https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/nodofollow/

Chrome - http://floridaventureblog.com/2009/03/highlight-nofollow-links-chrome-plugin.html - (Not tested)

Then you can see at a glance if a page comment does give followed or unfollowed links, though you still have to visit the page first.

That's a pretty big ask. Are you just wanting to check a specific word or you looking for general examples?

Best thing I could think to come up with would be to put it into Google translate under detect language and translate into another language. 'moz' seems to be German for example.

I think Google can understand more words than they have in their translate databases though, but very difficult to come up with a test for this. Instant and suggest would both be as bad as each other.

Ha ha, maybe

I think it's something infinitely less planned out and they simply rushed this change out the door without understanding fully what it would do to the SERPs.

Although I do think you're right that in a few months (in what will be claimed to be a second Panda sweep) that things will go back and only the very worst offenders will stay penalised.

302's won't be passing link juice the same way as a 301 does (or really at all).

Links to mydomain .com won't be counted as a link to en.mydomain .com, however, depending on your set up you may still be getting some of the domain authority to it (as in the search engines can see it's obviously the same domain). I wouldn't be relying on this however.

Do you want the English language version to be more popular than the Spanish? I assume it's too late to make the subdomain the es. version?