Multiple language redirect, link building and social sharing

[mikecao]

Hi all,

I have 3 questions bother me for weeks, thanks advance for any answers.

We are an online langauge school, provide many content about learn Chinese , the site is http://www.chinesetimeschool.com/

1.  Langauge issue. As you can see, It's a multiple language site, when a user first time visit the site, it redirects (302) the user to his own language. I have read many articles about this, most said 301 is good than 302. But 301 is a permanent redirect, so it can only implement on one language, right? For example, if we 301 redirect http://www.chinesetimeschool.com to http://www.chinesetimeschool.com/en-us/ for english speaking users, we have to use 302 redirect for other languages, ie, 302 redirect http://www.chinesetimeschool.com/ to http://www.chinesetimeschool.com/fr-fr/ for French speaking people.  Or in other words, we cannot use 301 to redirect home page to different language page, right? In my understanding, it will mess up google which language page the home page redirects to.

2. Link building.  Our editor created a lot content, but from Alexa we only see 85 links back, which means our content has few exposure. We want to get more links back especially for the English version, any advice? should we find a US company help us since we are in China not famliar with US? Any good company or guys good at link building/content exposure suggested?

3. Social sharing. We have around 300,000 followers on facebook, many content pages has hundreds of shares, for example, this page http://www.chinesetimeschool.com/en-us/articles/new-years-greetings-in-chinese/ has 129 shares and 333 likes (I use Moz open site explorer tool), but if I check http://www.chinesetimeschool.com/, only has 130 shares and 414 likes. So I think shares of a page won't be counted in the domain shares. This makes me thinking of 2 things:
A. Will social shares of home page be more important than other pages? If so, we need share more of our home page. 
B. Even if we have a lot page shares, I didn't see any google traffic changes (for at least half year), will it mean social page shares has very few influences to google seo?

Many thanks!
Mike

[mikecao]

thank you Andreas!

[paints-n-design]

@number one: I think there was a time, where we made multi-language websites and where we directed the user (like you via 302) to his language. It is not the best way, which language speaks that google bot? 
I would say here you can find some answers: http://moz.com/learn/seo/international-seo

@3: I would say social shares and likes (no matter what social network) doesn't has an impact in google ranking. Ok google plus can be seen in SERPs when you are locked in ... but thats all. 
Of course websites with a lot af social activity often rank well, but thats correlation not causation. I mean, your social follower may build links, blog about you, share to friends, a.s.o.  - that could help, it would invrease your traffic, but to have a Like alone, doesn't help you rank better. Thats my opinion and think I am not alone, even Google told us something like that last days... May be popularity should play a role in some cases, but i really don't want to see popular sites, I like sites in SERPs answering my question in a brilliant way. SearchEngines couldn't see it in a really different way.

@2 sorry -I don't know a good companie for you