I would start by picking a direction or even two or three. But it's nearly impossible to "learn all of marketing" at once.
So ... SEO & SEM? Advertising & PR? Content, email marketing or social media? It depends where you want to go with all this newfound knowledge.
One of my favourite Moz images gives a good starting place for marketing channels: Marketing Channels
I would also suggest my own post on self education (even though it's about a plateau, the same ideas would apply at any level of business.)
Next, you're going to need a way to track & store information you learn. Sign up for Evernote and create a folder for each thing you may learn (email, SEO, social, analytics, etc.)
Sign up for Inbound and try to stay on top of what hits the top page or two. This will keep you fairly up to date on all the important happenings in inbound marketing.
Next, since we're at the end of 2014, it's a good time to catch up on all the "Best of 2014 Marketing" blog posts.
Throw in a couple great business books (Selling the Invisible, Never Eat Alone, Influence, ReWork, Purple Cow, Blue Ocean Strategy, The TIpping Point, The Slight Edge, Good to Great, etc.)
Keep up with at least 10 to 50 marketing blogs for the next 2+ years and whenever they get stale, change them out for something you don't know as well.
And, if there's time - sleep.