Pedram,

No worries.  By packaging, the process in which we are sending content out their to get viewed. 
For example: A picture can be optimized for a variety of social networks including Flickr, Google+, Facebook, and Twitter, which is great, but you need to plan how you are going to send it out there for people to see.  Is it going to be an album as part of an event or is it just going to be a simple picture upload, because it's something funny that your audience will enjoy.  Twitter you can't create albums, so simply taking pictures "live" during an event is great but then you can upload a 100 photos later on to Facebook/G+ as part of an album.  You can even on Facebook create that album as part of a historical event and add it to your timeline.

The overall point is that each social network is different so just because you have one piece of content, doesn't mean that you can't use it in different ways.

I hope that explanation helps out.

Cheers,
Richard.

Best for SEO is with a subdirectory. Subdomains can be treated as separate websites.

You might try pinging the site out or just building a link to the site.

Pedram,

We've never heard of someone getting caned for duplicate content, for sharing things on multiple social networks.  If you do have one piece of content, that you are sharing to multiple networks what you are going to want to do is repackage that content.   You can deliver content in different ways in social networks so play around with that.

As per your "followed" vs. "no-followed", the majority of social networks these days are "no-followed", I would suggest starting with where the audience of your niche is.  Find out the demographics of your product and then find what social networks they use.

Hope that helps!

As long as the search engine can read all the text, I see no issues.  Modern designers put text in multiple tabs or partially hidden until expanded all the time these to create a better user experience.  It is generally only hidden from the user using css and is fully visible in the code.

https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/76329?hl=en

Use dashes. Underscores don't specify any specific function whereas dashes are specifically word separators.

As Miriam said, check if people search for the county. In the particular area where TheeDesign is located (Raleigh, NC) we are referred to as the Triangle (Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill) but almost no one searches this way. The county is Wake County, but few people search by the county name either (more in some industries than others,) and typically the city is the highest search terms. So you have to debate whether the extra effort and planning is worth the extra visitors or not.

301 redirects are called permanent, but that's not really the case. They are permanent only as long as they are in place. If you want to see this, do everything as Andy said and then remove the redirect. You'll notice your traffic drop and when you put the redirects back the traffic will recover. Go ahead and do this every year and you'll see that each time it drops. We've dealt with drops that happened from domains that haven't been active in over 5 years, so as EGOL alluded to, keep them forever.

Quick fix = do the redirects.

Best practice = do the redirects and try to get the inbound links changed as well.

It is best if you can get the links changed, but always be sure to do redirects as well as there may be other links that you are not aware of.