Eric,
Unfortunately you're in a very difficult position. Personally, I would never proceed with a client who can't even define their own audience. They're quite likely going to change their mind often, and if you get involved this early on, will just as likely be overly demanding and play the "needy victim" role. It's a mess.
Having said that, if you insist that you absolutely must work with them, the best approach might be to choose four, five or six topics you think are appropriate, run them through the Google Keyword tool, export each result set and pass them an Excel spreadsheet with each result set being in a separate tab. Then, help them understand what the columns mean (competitive, search volume, etc) and let them chew on that data. Explain that you need them to decide which phrases to go with, but that you can help them refine it down a bit.
Be very careful though to not get sucked into an endless hours vortex!