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Those are good ways to add variant keyword links to those pages.

A) Is it Women's Widgets used naturally in the posts?  If you are going to use the phrase you might as well link with it.  While you don't want every link on the site to have the same exact anchor text, the threshold for onsite is very, very high.  It's when you get to offsite links where things get messy quickly.

B) I would not link with the long tail.  This would be like claiming that you are the best golfer in the room, but then telling everyone that this other person is the best golfer in the roof.  Doing it once probably wouldn't be a big deal, but I always aim to keep on the safe side of things.

C) I wouldn't use your company name as the link, but you could use words in close proximity.  This could help keep things well rounded.

Another thing to consider is the overall frequency.  If you have 5 pages using the exact match link, assuming it can be used naturally, then it isn't a big deal.  If you have 20+, then I would definitely consider keeping things well rounded with proximity links.

I would suggest migrating the whole site, and 301 redirecting all the http pages to the https versions.  Without a proper redirect you risk the possibility of losing any link juice that would be directed at that page.  A canonical should technically cover that, but the hard 301 leaves no room for robot interpretation.

Also, why leave the http version when you have a secure version available?

It's tough to answer your question simply because I don't know your sites overall strategy.  What keywords are you targeting, and how are you targeting them currently type information.  This isn't something I'd ask you to do in a public setting like this forum

My personal suggestion would be to find a SEO Mentor.  Someone you can ask questions of to learn yourself, but not directly hire.  With the potential partnerships your site offers it would be reasonable for someone to take you under their wing in hopes of generating clients through you.

Pubcon is definitely a must go!  I've been floored by presentations at it a couple times.  I would also recommend SearchLove.  There's actually a Local SEO conference in Seattle this February.  I think Moz is remotely attached to it, but it may just be a member of their team.

How closely related were the long tail pages to the head terms?  Was it like

blue widget

vs

blue widget prices

Having the same registration, in of itself, will not hurt SEO.  Where you may run into problems is if you are doing blackhat SEO, or doing things against Google's terms of service.  If that happens you could run the risk of your "neighborhood" getting similar punishment/treatment.  If you are doing everything correctly, or mostly correctly, then there should be no problems.

I haven't reviewed all of the comments on this post thoroughly, but I thought it was imperative to mention this.  If you are paying someone to review your product they are required by law, at least in the U.S., to acknowledge that.  Not doing so would be violating FTC guidelines, and bring on potential fines.

Source:

http://www.business.ftc.gov/documents/bus71-ftcs-revised-endorsement-guideswhat-people-are-asking

SEMRush.com has a tool for that.  It will only show the terms that you rank in the top 20 for, but it is a good starting point. From there you can supplement the rest of the keywords with Webmaster Tools.

I also agree with Dave.  My company works with dozens of local businesses, and creating targeted landing pages is part of the strategy for most of them.  The difference between original content and keyword swapped content is often the difference between first page rankings, and 3rd+ page rankings.  Take the time to write in depth content for each of these pages.  You will want it long enough to rank for your main terms, and any variations that may exist.

Matt Cutts has talked about the diminishing returns of multiple links from a single domain.  His video says that anything after 2 gets to be pretty minimal.

The other thing you need to consider is that site wide footer links aren't as strong as an in body link.  If you are doing your part to get legitimate in body links, through interviews or contributing to a blog in some way, then you are going to get farther than these site wides.

I ran into a similar problem with one of my sites.  I was up against a dozen web designers who have built hundreds of websites, but I was able to outrank them with just a handful of nofollow links.  They weren't great at on site SEO, which helped, but I knew that a lot of these links weren't worth much.

I'd use Screaming Frog to index my site, and then look at the internal links from each page.  You can see the number of links, the text used to link and a bunch of other stats.

Most of the time I see numbers like this when people have extensive menu's that include links to every page on the website.  So, I'd count the number of links in the menu and footer to see if that may be the culprit.

I actually specialize in automotive seo, but haven't really thought about it.  Anyway, I took a look at your cars.com link, and it registers as a PA of 1, which means it has very little authority being passed into it.  The reason why you aren't seeing these links is because the pages in which they reside have such little authority that the Moz spider does not locate them.  I've also never seen one of these links in Google Webmaster tools, so I would guess that they don't consider them very authoritative links either.

Consider this, though.  You are paying for that service, so those links are Paid Links.  It's also possible that search engines ignore them because they know this fact, and don't bother indexing them.  The only way to really get an idea of how important search engines feel those pages are would be to look at server level crawl stats.  Unfortunately, Cars.com would never share that data with you, and your rep would probably just give you a blank look if you asked.

If you have any questions about your dealerships SEO you can PM me.

1.Is this how I would optimize the titles?

Each page should have a specific keyword group you are trying to target, minus the about us page.  In theory your pages would look more like this:

Rates: Dog Walking Rates in Anytown | Business Name

FAQ: Dog Walking FAQ's in Anytown | Business Name

Etc.

You would then want to link to those pages internally with the their main keywords, if possible.  So, you would like to the home page with "Dog Walking in Anytown."

2.  Do people expect the title tag to be the same as the menu option they click?

People don't really pay attention to the title tags at the top of their browser.  The only time I check is when I'm bouncing between pages.

3.Should I not optimized the titles?

You would create unique title tags for all the pages to just make sure that they were unique.  Duplicates can hinder your site.

4. Should I not use the same keywords on every page?

Search Engines look at the whole context of your site as well as individual pages.  You will want to use the keywords whenever they fall naturally into your text.  You can then link them internally to the page that is most relevant.

5.Should I use a brand domain instead of a keyword domain?

Depends.  Is the person an active blogger, and will they garner a bunch of links from the amazing content?  If yes, then go ahead with a brand.  If not, keep it simple with an exact match domain.

I've had websites get rid of penalties, with a lower case "p," just by getting rid of their site wide links.  When we got rid of the links the rankings jumped from the 100's up to the top 5.  When the site owner put the links back up the site dropped back into the 100's.  We went back and forth several times with the same effect, so I'm positive that it was related.

Just an FYI, we pushed to get rid of the links altogether because every site had the same products, and sending them to a different website made little sense.  Also, the bounce rate on these referrals was over 50%, compared to a site average of around 20%, so the web visitors didn't enjoy it either.

Unfortunately, quality back links aren't going to come from a list.  The best kind are naturally earned with great content, but you can supplement this process with a great guest blogging process.  To do this you will want to find blogs in your niche, which would be anything about advertising really, and build a relationship with them so that they will accept your guest blog posts.  There's awesome resources out there for best initial emails to start this process, but I don't have any saved off hand.

The ideal option is actually getting links naturally.  To do this you will want to great engaging content that gets people to link to you.  This may be a list of the best 50 logos ever, or 10 reasons why you need a virtual assistant.  Anything that will get people to read it, comment, and then blog about it.

This would be the right approach.

I'd follow it up by following this guideline: http://www.seomoz.org/blog/hosting-and-embedding-for-video-seo

For Vimeo Pro it suggests switching it to the old embed format.  Then create a video sitemap, and use proper microdata markup to try get a rich snippet in the serps.

I work with around 50 companies, and that's typically what I see.  My #1 listing will just get changed to a Places listing, but it will still be in the #1 position.

Whois.net is listed in the Moz Toolbar.  Click the wrench button, hover over domain tools and click whois.net

I agree with Tom on this point.  I'd create a short snippet, and just link back to the original article.  That way the traffic still flows through you, in case you have Ads on your site.

The only exemption to this for me would be if the content would be so amazing for my community of followers.  In that case I might accept the content, and just no-indexing it.  That way people in your RSS feeds can get it, and not have to jump over to another site, but you won't run into issues with Google.