Hi Jason,
turnoff the indexing of tags you are getting 1 million duplicates because of links like this
http://www.profootballhotreads.com/tag/fantasy-football/
ideally the link should read
http://www.profootballhotreads.com/fantasy-football/
"1) Too many links. My main page is a continuously running scroll of links, so obviously this is going to be tough to accommodate. I know this makes each link less "valuable," but does it actually affect my site in any way? I don't really have links to my site on the page other than in the menu, which I assume would be scrolled first."
yes if a site has more than 100 interior links it affects your ranking significantly. You should break the site into easy to find and navigate pages.
For instance you might want to update the theme to have more navigation or have drop downs from the navigation such as seen in this demo
http://demo.woothemes.com/?name=canvas
2) meta description on tag pages. For site design reasons, I have several "pages" that are actually tag collection pages rather than unique pages. For example, each team's page is simply a collection of anything tagged with that team. So, I don't know if I can provide a meta description for those pages without making that the default meta description for any post with that tag."
yes your meda description will suffer because your pages are too long and you cannot summarize all of it in such a short space as 150 characters.
The best thing to do is post every new entry has a blog post in the blog category. Not as a page but as a post you'll get almost the same abilities and the post will be treated as a particular page such as in these examples
http://demo.studiopress.com/prose/
http://demo.studiopress.com/eleven40/
http://demo.studiopress.com/generate/
http://demo.studiopress.com/focus/
these are all available and more at http://studiopress.com
and the theme above can be purchased here
http://woothemes.com
3) I supposedly have tons of duplicate pages but when I go to those pages, I don't see it. Webmasters said I only had one duplicate. Not sure what's going on. I'm thinking anytime I update a post, it is reading it as two different posts even though only one post exists at a time on the site.
I believe if you tag any of the posts similarly it may be coming up as duplicate. You want to make sure that your site is through 301 redirected check out
http://builtwith.com it will have an SEO part and give you that answer.
4) I have tons of duplicate page titles. Basically, I have tons of pages on my main page because after a certain amount of posts, it goes to a "new" page, even though it's just a continuation. So, I have Main page 1, Main Page 2, etc with the same title and meta descriptions. I don't think this is a concern, is it?
** It is clear to me you have treated the webpage has multiple blogs instead of a secular blog and additional webpages that say static. Look at the examples I put above question number 3 in every single case they only have one blog and you do not want to post on more than one page ever that is simply the blog's job. **
I would honestly take the fantastic amount of content you've got and start over
this is my opinion I would get a quality theme look in
http://wordpress.org/extend/themes/commercial/
free themes I strongly advise against in the link above you can find themes that vary in price from $15 up you can also find some very nice free themes inside that link that are quality themes
i in order to fix this properly follow this advice when it asks you where to make the blog
How do I add a “Blog” page?
To add a “Blog” link to your navigation, you’ll need to add a new page and assign the “Blog” page template. See the theme documentation on how to assign a page template.
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I also strongly suggest reading the link below Dan did a great job explaining what is needed to properly set up a WordPress site/blog
Dan's excellent WordPress tutorial. I I recommend reading the entire thing in fact it because it does impact your entire site.
http://www.seomoz.org/blog/setup-wordpress-for-seo-success
good luck to you and let me know if I can be of any more help
Sincerely,
Thomas